WebSocket communication enables full-duplex communication between clients and the server, allowing for real-time and interactive applications. In ASP.NET Core, you can implement WebSocket communication using the WebSocket middleware and the WebSocket API. The middleware handles the initial WebSocket handshake and upgrades the connection. You can then handle WebSocket messages, events, and manage client connections using the WebSocket API. WebSocket communication is suitable for scenarios like chat applications, real-time collaboration, or live data streaming in your Web API.